Reviewed & approved by Dr. Nova Reyes · Last checked 2026-10-25. ← Back to Evidence Library

Mazdutide: what the evidence says

Legend: HUMAN data · ANIMAL / LAB data · UNKNOWN · UNVERIFIED: not yet confirmed against a primary source

---

What is it?

Mazdutide (also called IBI362 or LY3305677) is a lab-made peptide that activates two receptors: the GLP-1 receptor, which lowers appetite and blood sugar, and the glucagon receptor. ^{R1, R8} Glucagon normally raises blood sugar, but drug makers are testing it alongside GLP-1 because it may increase the energy the body burns and reduce liver fat. Unknown How much the glucagon part adds in people, compared with GLP-1 action alone, has not been tested directly in a published trial.

Retatrutide and survodutide are other drugs in development that also act on the glucagon receptor; see the retatrutide page and the survodutide page.

Does it help weight loss?

All results below come from trials funded by Innovent Biologics or Eli Lilly. "Treatment-policy" results count everyone, whether or not they kept taking the drug, which gives a more realistic picture.

• Human Chinese adults with obesity or overweight (GLORY-1, phase 3): in 610 adults, average weight change at the main time point was −10.1% and −12.6% on the two mazdutide arms vs +0.5% on placebo (treatment-policy). By the end of the trial it was −11.0% and −14.0% vs +0.3%. ^R1
• Human Chinese adults with obesity, higher-strength arm (GLORY-2, phase 3): in 461 adults, weight change was −16.7% on mazdutide vs −1.5% on placebo, and 84.3% vs 33.1% lost at least 5% of their weight. ^R2
• Human US adults with obesity or overweight (phase 2): in 179 adults, weight change ranged from −7.3% to −18.1% across mazdutide arms vs −0.9% on placebo. This result assumed everyone kept taking treatment, and the trial was small. ^R5
• Human Earlier Chinese phase 2 trial: in 248 adults, weight change ranged from −6.7% to −11.3% vs +1.0% on placebo. ^R6
• Unknown How mazdutide compares head-to-head with semaglutide or tirzepatide for weight. A head-to-head trial against semaglutide in Chinese adults with diabetes and obesity (DREAMS-3) has published its design; its results so far appear only in a conference abstract we have not reviewed. ^R9

Does it help type 2 diabetes?

• Human Diabetes on diet and exercise only (DREAMS-1, phase 3): in 320 Chinese adults, HbA1c (average blood sugar) fell 1.57 and 2.15 points on the two mazdutide arms vs 0.14 on placebo, and weight fell 5.6% and 7.8% vs 1.3%. ^R3
• Human Versus dulaglutide (DREAMS-2, phase 3): in 731 Chinese adults on diabetes pills, mazdutide lowered HbA1c a little more than dulaglutide (Trulicity), by 0.24 and 0.30 points more, and lowered weight by 3.8 and 5.8 points more. Stomach side effects were more common on mazdutide. ^R4
• Human Earlier phase 2 trial: in 250 Chinese adults, HbA1c fell 1.41 to 1.67 points on mazdutide vs 1.35 on dulaglutide and none on placebo. ^R7

Is it safe?

• Caution Stomach side effects were the most common problem in every trial. In GLORY-2, vomiting affected 53.1% vs 1.3% on placebo, nausea 46.9% vs 3.2%, and diarrhea 39.4% vs 6.5%. Most were mild to moderate. ^R2
• Caution Stopping because of side effects was uncommon in the Chinese trials (0.5% to 2.9%) but reached 20% on the highest-strength arm in the US phase 2 trial, mainly from stomach problems. ^{R1, R2, R5}
• Caution Low blood sugar: in the phase 2 diabetes trial, low blood sugar was reported in 10% on mazdutide vs 8% on placebo. Risk is likely higher for people who also take insulin or sulfonylureas (older blood-sugar-lowering pills). ^R7
• Caution GLP-1 class risks: mazdutide acts on the GLP-1 receptor, so the risks known for that drug class (pancreatitis, gallbladder disease, rodent thyroid tumors) are reasonable to expect; see the semaglutide page. Unknown The published abstracts we reviewed do not report rates of these events for mazdutide.
• Unknown Heart safety, long-term safety and rare harms are unknown. No heart-outcomes trial results were found.
• Unknown Older adults: very few people aged 65 or older were in the weight trials.

Compounded and gray-market mazdutide: extra risks

• Caution Unregulated "research" vials. Outside China's regulated prescription pen (Xinermei), any vial sold online as "mazdutide" is of unknown identity, strength, purity and sterility.
• Caution Don't stack with other GLP-1 drugs. Taking mazdutide together with semaglutide, tirzepatide, retatrutide or similar drugs means two drugs acting on the same receptor, which no trial on this page tested. Unknown
• Caution Measuring mistakes. FDA has reported people hospitalized after drawing up too much from multi-injection GLP-1 vials. The same syringe-marking problem applies here. See the section on measuring mistakes on our semaglutide page.

What we don't know

• Unknown Whether mazdutide lowers heart attacks, strokes or deaths
• Unknown Long-term safety, and whether weight comes back after stopping
• Unknown How well results in Chinese adults carry over to other populations (the only non-Chinese trial is a small US phase 2) ^R5
• Unknown Head-to-head results against semaglutide or tirzepatide in peer-reviewed form
• Unknown What is actually in a gray-market vial

Is it legal?

Not FDA-approved; no Drugs@FDA record was found (openFDA search, Oct 24, 2026). China: NMPA approved mazdutide injection (Xinermei, Innovent Biologics) on June 24, 2025 for long-term weight management in adults with obesity, or overweight with at least one weight-related condition. ^R10 [UNVERIFIED: read from the NMPA notice as republished by ce.cn and from NMPA's own innovative-drug list as shown in a search index; nmpa.gov.cn blocked a direct fetch.] A second approval for blood-sugar control in adults with type 2 diabetes was announced in September 2025. ^{R8, R11} [UNVERIFIED: company filing and review article, not checked on nmpa.gov.cn.] Innovent has also announced a filing for a higher-strength version. ^R12 [UNVERIFIED: company statement.] EU, Japan and other countries: UNVERIFIED not checked against EMA or PMDA. WADA: not named on the 2026 Prohibited List, and S0 covers only substances with no current approval anywhere ^R13. As of Oct 24, 2026.

What's in the vial?

Real mazdutide comes as a prefilled pen made by Innovent and sold in China, or inside clinical trials. ^R10 We have not found published lab tests of gray-market mazdutide. Under the Open Peptide Standard, a GLP-1 vial overfilled by more than 20% is a critical fail (draft threshold). See results at /tests/. A passing test covers one batch, tested on one date. It does not mean the compound itself is safe.

What do users report?

Self-report, not evidence.

Unknown TBD. We'll only list this once we can cite a public source.

Study details

These are doses researchers used, not recommendations. All trials funded by Innovent Biologics or Eli Lilly. All injections subcutaneous, once weekly unless noted.

R1, R2, R5, R6 Human: Weight trials (GLORY and phase 2)

Study	People	Route	Dose used	Follow-up	Reported	Side effects / dropouts	Citation
GLORY-1 (Ji 2025), China, obesity/overweight, NCT05607680	610 (1:1:1)	Subcutaneous	Mazdutide 4 mg or 6 mg once weekly vs placebo	32 wk primary; 48 wk	Wk 32: −10.09% (4 mg), −12.55% (6 mg) vs +0.45%; wk 48: −11.00%, −14.01% vs +0.30% (treatment-policy); ≥15% loss at wk 48: 35.7%, 49.5% vs 2.0%	Mostly GI, mild/moderate; stopped for AEs 1.5%, 0.5% vs 1.0%	PMID 40421736
GLORY-2 (Gao 2026), China, BMI ≥30, NCT06164873	461 treated (307 vs 154)	Subcutaneous	Mazdutide 9 mg once weekly vs placebo + diet/activity	60 wk	−16.65% vs −1.50% (difference −15.15%); ≥5% loss 84.3% vs 33.1%	Vomiting 53.1% vs 1.3%; nausea 46.9% vs 3.2%; diarrhea 39.4% vs 6.5%; stopped for AEs 2.9% vs 0%	PMID 42251595
US phase 2 (Hsia 2026), NCT06124807	179 (32 / 48 / 51 vs 48)	Subcutaneous	Mazdutide 3 mg then 6 mg from wk 32, 10 mg, or 16 mg once weekly vs placebo	32 wk primary; 48 wk	Wk 32: −7.3%, −15.6%, −18.1% vs −0.9% (efficacy estimand)	Mostly GI; stopped for AEs highest with 16 mg (20%); Lilly-funded	PMID 42628555
China phase 2 (Ji 2023), NCT04904913	248	Subcutaneous	Mazdutide 3, 4.5 or 6 mg once weekly vs placebo	24 wk (interim)	−6.7%, −10.4%, −11.3% vs +1.0%	Diarrhea, nausea, URTI most common	PMID 38092790

R3, R4, R7, R9 Human: Type 2 diabetes trials (DREAMS and phase 2)

Study	People	Route	Dose used	Follow-up	Reported	Side effects / dropouts	Citation
DREAMS-1 (Zhu 2026), diet/exercise only, NCT05628311	320 (1:1:1)	Subcutaneous	Mazdutide 4 mg or 6 mg once weekly vs placebo	24 wk + 24 wk extension	HbA1c −1.57, −2.15 vs −0.14; weight −5.61%, −7.81% vs −1.26%	Diarrhea, decreased appetite, nausea most common	PMID 41407859
DREAMS-2 (Guo 2026), on oral drugs, NCT05606913	731 (1:1:1)	Subcutaneous	Mazdutide 4 mg or 6 mg once weekly vs dulaglutide 1.5 mg	28 wk	HbA1c difference vs dulaglutide −0.24 (p=0.0032), −0.30 (p=0.0003); weight difference −3.78%, −5.76%	GI events more frequent than dulaglutide	PMID 41407860
Phase 2 T2D (Zhang 2024)	250 (51/49/49 mazdutide, 50 dulaglutide, 51 placebo)	Subcutaneous	Mazdutide 3, 4.5 or 6 mg vs dulaglutide 1.5 mg (open-label) vs placebo	20 wk	HbA1c −1.41 to −1.67 vs −1.35 dulaglutide, +0.03 placebo; weight up to −7.1%	Diarrhea 36%, decreased appetite 29%, nausea 23%, vomiting 14%, hypoglycemia 10% (8% placebo)	PMID 37943529
DREAMS-3 design (Luo 2026), vs semaglutide, open-label	349	Subcutaneous	Mazdutide 6 mg vs semaglutide 1 mg once weekly	32 wk + 24 wk extension	Unknown design/baseline only in this paper; results in ADA 2026 abstract 1226-OR (not reviewed)	Not reported	PMID 41260459

R8, R10–R12 Regulatory (as of Oct 24, 2026)

• R10 NMPA notice "国家药监局批准玛仕度肽注射液上市" (NMPA approves mazdutide injection), June 27, 2025, approval date June 24, 2025, Innovent Biologics (Suzhou), class 1 innovative drug, indication long-term weight management (BMI ≥28, or ≥24 with a weight-related comorbidity). Read via ce.cn repost, source marked NMPA website and the title in NMPA's innovative-drug list as shown in a search index. UNVERIFIED Direct fetch of nmpa.gov.cn returned a script-protected blank page.
• R11 Innovent Biologics HKEX voluntary announcement, Sept 19, 2025: NMPA approval for glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes, based on DREAMS-1 and DREAMS-2. UNVERIFIED Company source.
• R8 Shirley M, "Mazdutide: First Approval," Drugs 2025 (review; not a regulator): first approval in China, June 2025; type 2 diabetes approval Sept 2025.
• R12 Innovent press release on a mazdutide 9 mg NDA (source index row; link). UNVERIFIED Not checked on nmpa.gov.cn; outcome unknown.
• FDA: no Drugs@FDA record (openFDA query, Oct 24, 2026). EMA, PMDA: UNVERIFIED not checked.

Full reference list (all PMIDs verified on PubMed, Oct 24, 2026)

1. Ji L, et al. N Engl J Med. 2025;392(22):2215-2225. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2411528. PMID 40421736
2. Gao L, et al. JAMA. 2026;336(5):377-388. doi:10.1001/jama.2026.8142. PMID 42251595
3. Zhu D, et al. Nature. 2026;652(8108):174-180. doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10026-w. PMID 41407859
4. Guo L, et al. Nature. 2026;652(8108):181-188. doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10031-z. PMID 41407860
5. Hsia SH, et al. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2026;14(11):879-893. doi:10.1016/S2213-8587(26)00160-9. PMID 42628555
6. Ji L, et al. Nat Commun. 2023;14(1):8289. doi:10.1038/s41467-023-44067-4. PMID 38092790
7. Zhang B, et al. Diabetes Care. 2024;47(1):160-168. doi:10.2337/dc23-1287. PMID 37943529
8. Shirley M. Drugs. 2025;85(12):1621-1627. doi:10.1007/s40265-025-02249-y. PMID 41028652
9. Luo Y, et al. Contemp Clin Trials. 2026;160:108150. doi:10.1016/j.cct.2025.108150. PMID 41260459
10. NMPA. NMPA approves mazdutide injection (notice, June 27, 2025), via ce.cn repost. https://www.ce.cn/cysc/yy/hydt/202506/t20250627_2342555.shtml
11. Innovent Biologics. HKEX voluntary announcement, Sept 19, 2025. https://www1.hkexnews.hk/listedco/listconews/sehk/2025/0919/2025091900815_c.pdf
12. Innovent Biologics. Press release on mazdutide higher-strength NDA. https://en.innoventbio.com/InvestorsAndMedia/PressReleaseDetail?key=589
13. WADA. World Anti-Doping Code International Standard: Prohibited List 2026 (in force Jan 1, 2026). https://www.wada-ama.org/sites/default/files/2025-09/2026list_en_final_clean_september_2025.pdf (text read Oct 24, 2026)

Disclaimer

This page is for education and harm reduction. It is not medical advice and not a recommendation to use mazdutide. Please talk to a clinician you trust before making medical decisions, seek care right away for severe stomach pain or repeated vomiting, and report problems to FDA MedWatch (https://www.fda.gov/safety/medwatch).